Emithethweni ehlongozwayo eyanyatheliswa ngoMeyi 3, i-US Environmental Protection Agency iphakamisa ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-dichloromethane, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-dichloromethane, isithako esivamile sokuxazulula nokucubungula. Isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezicelo zabathengi nezentengiselwano, kufaka phakathi izinamathiselo kanye nezivalo, imikhiqizo yezimoto, kanye nezisusa zopende kanye nopende. Leli khemikhali likhiqizwa ngobuningi obukhulu - phakathi kuka-£100 million no-£500 million kusukela ngo-2016 kuya ku-2019, ngokusho kwe-Chemical Data Report (CDR) - ngakho-ke ukuvinjelwa, uma kuphasiswa, kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ezimbonini eziningi.
Isiphakamiso se-EPA sikhuluma “ngengozi engenangqondo empilweni yabantu ebangelwa yi-dichloromethane ngaphansi kwezimo zokusetshenziswa, njengoba kubhaliwe ezincazelweni zengozi ye-EPA ngaphansi koMthetho Wokulawula Izinto Ezinobuthi (TSCA)”. Ukuhlolwa kwengozi ye-TSCA kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimfuneko ngezinga elidingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhemikhali ayisabeki ingozi engenangqondo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthetho ohlongozwayo we-EPA udinga Uhlelo Lokuvikela Indawo Yokusebenza Yamakhemikhali (i-WCPP), oluhlanganisa izidingo zokuthobela imithetho yemikhawulo yokuchayeka ekuphefumuleni kanye nokuqapha ukuchayeka kokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-methylene chloride. Luzophinde lubeke izidingo zokugcina amarekhodi kanye nezesaziso ezingezansi kwezimo eziningana zokusetshenziswa futhi lunikeze izimo ezithile ezinqunyelwe isikhathi ezidingweni zokusetshenziswa ezingadala umonakalo omkhulu ekuphepheni kwezwe kanye nengqalasizinda ebalulekile.
Izinkampani ezikhiqiza, ezingenisa, ezicubungula, ezisabalalisa ngokuhweba, ezisebenzisa noma ezilahla i-methylene chloride noma imikhiqizo equkethe i-methylene chloride zingase zithinteke ngumthetho ohlongozwayo. Lo mthetho ohlongozwayo ubala imikhakha engaphezu kuka-40 yezimboni ezingase zimbozwe ngumthetho, okuhlanganisa: ukuthengiswa kwamakhemikhali ngobuningi, izindawo zokugcina uwoyela kanye nezindawo zokugcina, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali ayisisekelo emvelo kanye namakhemikhali angaphili, ukulahlwa kwemfucuza eyingozi, ukuvuselelwa kwezinto, abakhiqizi bopende nopende; osonkontileka bamapayipi kanye neziphephetha-moya; osonkontileka bokupenda nokufaka iphepha lodonga; izitolo zezingxenye zezimoto nezesekeli; ukukhiqizwa kwemishini kagesi kanye nezingxenye; ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokunamathisela; abathengisi bezimoto ezintsha nezisetshenzisiwe; izinsizakalo zokuhlanza izingubo kanye nezokuwasha; ukwenza onodoli, amathoyizi nemidlalo.
Umthetho ohlongozwayo uthi “Cishe amaphesenti angu-35 okukhiqizwa kwaminyaka yonke kwe-methylene chloride asetshenziselwa izinjongo zokwelapha ezingalawulwa yi-TSCA futhi ezingalawulwa yilo mthetho.” okungafakwanga encazelweni “yamakhemikhali” ezigabeni (B)(ii) kuya ku-(vi). Lokhu kukhululwa “kufaka phakathi … noma yikuphi ukudla, isengezo sokudla, umuthi, izimonyo, noma idivayisi, njengoba kuchaziwe eSigabeni 201 soMthetho Wokudla, Izidakamizwa, kanye Nezimonyo Kahulumeni, lapho kwenziwa, kucutshungulwa, noma kusatshalaliswa kwezentengiselwano ukuze kusetshenziswe njengemithi. , izimonyo noma amadivayisi…”
Kulabo mboni abazothinteka yilokhu kuvinjelwa, kubalulekile ukuqala ukufuna ezinye izindlela. Ukuhlolwa kwe-EPA kwezinye izindlela esikhundleni se-methylene chloride kuveze ezinye izindlela zokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene njengezinamathiselo, izivalo, izihlanzi, izisusa upende nokumboza, izivalo, kanye nezinto zokugcoba namafutha. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi azikho ezinye izindlela zokufaka esikhundleni sezithasiselo zobuchwepheshe (phakathi kwezinye) ezitholakele. Ukuhlolwa kwezinye izindlela "akuncomi ukuthi kusetshenziswe imikhiqizo esikhundleni se-dichloromethane; kunalokho, inhloso yayo ukuhlinzeka ngohlu olumele lwemikhiqizo ehlukile kanye nezinto zamakhemikhali kanye nezingozi zazo ezihlobene ne-dichloromethane, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlola ezinye izindlela ezingaba khona ibhekwa njengengxenye yemithetho ye-TSCA Section 6(a) ye-methylene chloride." Imibono ngomthetho ohlongozwayo kumele itholakale kungakapheli umhlaka-3 Julayi futhi iyatholakala ku-portal kahulumeni yokwenza imithetho ye-elekthronikhi ku-https://www.regulations.gov.
Isixwayiso: Ngenxa yohlobo olujwayelekile lwalesi sibuyekezo, ulwazi olunikezwe lapha lungase lungasebenzi kuzo zonke izimo, futhi akufanele lusetshenziswe ngaphandle kweseluleko esithile sezomthetho ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.
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