I-Formic Acid: Ukusetshenziswa Okubanzi kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Okuqhubekayo Kwekhemikhali Enemisebenzi Eminingi

I-Formic acid (HCOOH), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-anthranilic acid, iyinto eyisisekelo yamakhemikhali aphilayo anezinhlobo eziningi zezicelo zezimboni kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezihlukile. Iwuketshezi olungenambala olunephunga elimnandi futhi lunezakhiwo ze-asidi, i-aldehyde kanye notshwala ngesikhathi esisodwa. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokugxila okukhulu kumakhemikhali aluhlaza kanye nentuthuko esimeme, izindawo zokusetshenziswa ze-formic acid ziye zanda, futhi amandla ayo njengomthombo ovuselelekayo athole ukunakwa okwandayo.

Uhla olubanzi lwezicelo zezimboni

I-formic acid idlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningana. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, isetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo eziningi zemithi, okuhlanganisa imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu, imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye nemithi yokulwa nomdlavuza. Embonini yesikhumba neyendwangu, i-formic acid iyisithako esibalulekile sokushintsha umbala wesikhumba kanye nokudaya izindwangu, okungathuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuqina kwemikhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-formic acid isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yerabha, udayi, izibulala-zinambuzane, i-electroplating kanye nokudla.

Embonini yokudla, i-formic acid isetshenziswa njengesibulali-magciwane kanye nesilondolozi embonini yokwenza ubhiya kanye nesilondolozi sezimpahla ezisemathinini kanye namajusi ezithelo. Izinto eziphuma kuyo nazo ziyizinto ezibalulekile emithini yemithi, ezibulala-zinambuzane, ezidayini kanye nasezinambithekeni.

I-Green Chemistry kanye neNtuthuko Eqhubekayo

I-Formic acid, njengomthombo ovuselelekayo, inezakhiwo ezimangalisayo ezinobungani nemvelo. Ingatholakala ngokuguqulwa kwe-biomass futhi iyisitsha sokudla esishibhile nesitholakala kalula. Ekuguqulweni kwe-catalytic kwe-biomass, izakhiwo ze-acidic kanye ne-solvent ze-formic acid zingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-lignocellulose ngaphambi kokukhipha i-cellulose kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-biomass okuphumelelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-formic acid ingasetshenziswa njengomthombo we-hydrogen wokuguqulwa kwe-catalytic kwama-compounds e-biomass platform ukukhiqiza amakhemikhali anenani eliphezulu.

Ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa okuphephile

I-formic acid ingcolisa kakhulu futhi iyacasula, ngakho-ke idinga ukunamathela ngokuqinile emikhubeni yokuphepha ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina. Ngokuvamile ipakishwa ngendlela yoketshezi ezitsheni ezivaliwe, futhi idinga ukugcinwa kude nomlilo nemithombo yokushisa futhi ihlukaniswe nezinto ezikhipha i-oxidizing, ama-alkali nama-asidi aqinile lapho ithuthwa. Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izitsha zivalwe kahle ukuze kugwenywe ukuthintana nomoya futhi kuvinjelwe ukuguquguquka nokuvuza.

Ithemba Lesikhathi Esizayo

Izakhiwo eziguquguqukayo nezivuselelekayo ze-formic acid ziyinika amandla amakhulu okusetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo njengoba isidingo se-green chemistry kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo sikhula. Abacwaningi bahlola izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwe-formic acid kanye nokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha bokusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali okusebenzayo futhi okunobungani nemvelo. I-formic acid akuyona nje into ebalulekile yezimboni, kodwa futhi iyikhemikhali eluhlaza enegalelo ekuthuthukisweni okuzinzile.

Ekuphetheni, njengekhemikhali esebenza ngemisebenzi eminingi, i-formic acid idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphishekela intuthuko esimeme, amathuba okusetshenziswa kwe-formic acid azoba maningi nakakhulu.