I-KAWANISH, eJapane, ngoNovemba 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Izinkinga zemvelo ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuncipha kwezinsizakusebenza, ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo, ukungcola kwepulasitiki kanye nokuqothulwa kwamahlathi okubangelwa ukwanda kwabantu emhlabeni kuya ngokuya kuba nzima kakhulu.
I-Carbon dioxide (CO2) iyigesi ebangela ukushisa futhi ingenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Kulokhu, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi “i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa (ukunciphisa i-carbon dioxide)” ingakhiqiza izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphilayo zokubasa uphethiloli namakhemikhali avela ku-carbon dioxide, amanzi kanye namandla elanga, njengoba kwenza izitshalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zinciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2, okusetshenziswa njengezinto zokudla zamandla kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa yaziwa njengobunye bobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza obuthuthuke kakhulu.
Ama-MOF (izinhlaka zensimbi-zemvelo) ayizinto ezingenazo izimbobo ezakhiwe ngamaqoqo ezinsimbi ezingaphili kanye nama-linkers ezinto eziphilayo. Angalawulwa ezingeni lama-molecule ku-nano range enendawo enkulu ebusweni. Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, ama-MOF angasetshenziswa ekugcinweni kwegesi, ekuhlukanisweni, ekufakweni kwensimbi, ekufakweni kwe-catalysis, ekulethweni kwemithi, ekuphathweni kwamanzi, ezinzwa, kuma-electrode, ezihlungini, njll. Muva nje ama-MOF atholakale enekhono lokubamba i-CO2, engasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izinto eziphilayo ngokusebenzisa i-CO2 photoreduction, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-artificial photosynthesis.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amachashazi e-quantum ayizinto ezincane kakhulu (ama-nanometer angu-0.5–9) anezakhiwo zokukhanya ezilalela imithetho ye-quantum chemistry kanye ne-quantum mechanics. Abizwa ngokuthi “ama-athomu okwenziwa noma ama-molecule okwenziwa” ngoba ichashazi ngalinye le-quantum liqukethe ama-athomu noma ama-molecule ambalwa kuya kwayizinkulungwane kuphela. Kulolu hlu lobukhulu, amazinga wamandla ama-electron awasaqhubeki futhi ahlukaniswa ngenxa yento ebonakalayo eyaziwa ngokuthi umphumela wokuvalelwa kwe-quantum. Kulokhu, ubude bokukhanya okukhishwe buzoncika kusayizi wechashazi le-quantum. Lawa machashazi e-quantum angasetshenziswa futhi ku-photosynthesis yokwenziwa ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu okumunca ukukhanya, ikhono lokukhiqiza i-exciton eminingi kanye nendawo enkulu ebusweni.
Kokubili ama-MOF nama-quantum dot akhiwe yi-Green Science Alliance. Ngaphambilini, basebenzise ngempumelelo ama-MOF-quantum dot composites ukukhiqiza i-formic acid njenge-catalyst ekhethekile ye-photosynthesis yokwenziwa. Kodwa-ke, lawa ma-catalyst asesimweni sempuphu futhi lawa ma-catalyst powder kumele aqoqwe ngokuhlunga enkambisweni ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuwasebenzisa ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela kwezimboni ngoba lawa ma-process awaqhubeki.
Bephendula, uMnu. Kajino Tetsuro, uMnu. Iwabayashi Hirohisa, kanye noDkt. Mori Ryohei be-Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. basebenzise ubuchwepheshe babo ukuvimba lawa ma-catalyst e-photosynthesis akhethekile endwangu engabizi kakhulu futhi bavula isitshalo esisha se-formic acid. Le nqubo ingaqhutshwa njalo ukuze kusetshenziswe izimboni ezisebenzayo. Ngemva kokuphothulwa kokusabela kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa, amanzi aqukethe i-formic acid angakhishwa futhi akhishwe, bese kufakwa amanzi amasha amasha esitsheni ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuqala kabusha kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa.
I-formic acid ingathatha indawo kaphethiloli we-hydrogen. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ezivimbela ukwamukelwa komhlaba wonke komphakathi osekelwe ku-hydrogen ukuthi i-hydrogen, i-athomu encane kunazo zonke endaweni yonke, kunzima ukuyigcina, futhi kungaba kubi kakhulu ukwakha i-hydrogen reservoir evalwe kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igesi ye-hydrogen ingaba ukuqhuma futhi ibe yingozi yokuphepha. Kulula kakhulu ukugcina ama-formic acid njengophethiloli ngoba awuketshezi. Uma kudingeka, i-formic acid ingenza ukusabela kukhiqize i-hydrogen endaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-formic acid ingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene.
Ngisho noma ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa kusephansi kakhulu okwamanje, i-Green Science Alliance izoqhubeka nokulwa ukuze ikhulise ukusebenza kahle futhi yethule i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa esetshenziswa ngempela.