Kuphephile ukucabanga ukuthi noma ubani owasinda ekilasini lebhayoloji esikoleni samabanga aphezulu wezwa ngokuhlolwa kukaMiller-Urey, okwaqinisekisa umbono wokuthi i-chemistry yokuphila kungenzeka ukuthi yaqala emoyeni wasendulo woMhlaba. Empeleni “umbani ebhodleleni,” isethaphu sengilazi esivaliwe esihlanganisa amagesi afana ne-methane, i-ammonia, i-hydrogen, namanzi ngama-electrode amabili ukuze ahlinzeke ngenhlansi elingisa ukukhanya kombani esibhakabhakeni ngaphambi kokuphila kwasekuqaleni. [UMiller] no-[Urey] bakhombisile ukuthi ama-amino acid (amabhlogo okwakha amaprotheni) angalungiswa ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphambi kokuphila.
Iminyaka engama-70 iMiller-Urey isabalulekile, mhlawumbe nakakhulu njengoba sandisa ama-tentacles ethu emkhathini futhi sithola izimo ezifana nezoMhlaba wakuqala. Le nguqulo eguquliwe yeMiller-Urey iwumzamo wesayensi yezakhamuzi wokuvuselela ukuhlolwa okuvamile ukuze kuhambisane nalokhu okubonwe, futhi mhlawumbe, ujabulele iqiniso lokuthi cishe akukho lutho egalaji lakho olungabangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali empilweni.
Ukusethwa [kukaMarkus Bindhammer] kufana ngezindlela eziningi nokusethwa [kukaMiller] kanye [kuka-Urey], kodwa umehluko omkhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-plasma njengomthombo wamandla kunokuba kube ukukhishwa kukagesi okulula. [uMarcus] akazange achaze isizathu sakhe sokusebenzisa i-plasma, ngaphandle kokuthi izinga lokushisa le-plasma liphezulu ngokwanele ukuxilisa i-nitrogen ngaphakathi kwedivayisi, ngaleyo ndlela kuhlinzeke indawo edingekayo yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo. Ukukhishwa kwe-plasma kulawulwa yi-microcontroller kanye nama-MOSFET ukuvimbela ama-electrode ukuthi ancibilike. Futhi, izinto zokusetshenziswa lapha akuzona i-methane ne-ammonia, kodwa yisisombululo se-formic acid, ngoba isignature ye-spectral ye-formic acid yatholakala emkhathini futhi ngoba inokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuthakazelisayo okungaholela ekukhiqizweni kwama-amino acid.
Ngeshwa, yize imishini kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola zilula kakhulu, ukubala imiphumela kudinga imishini ekhethekile. [UMarkus] uzothumela amasampula akhe ukuze ahlaziywe, ngakho asazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuzobonisani okwamanje. Kodwa siyayithanda indawo lapha, okubonisa ukuthi ngisho nokuhlolwa okukhulu kakhulu kufanelekile ukuphindwa ngoba awusoze wazi ukuthi uzothola ini.
Kwakubonakala sengathi ukuzama kukaMiller kuzoholela ekutholakaleni okusha okubaluleke kakhulu. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 kamuva, ngasekupheleni komsebenzi wakhe, wabonisa ukuthi lokhu akwenzekanga njengoba ayefisa noma elindele. Sifunde okuningi endleleni, kodwa kuze kube manje asiyona into yemvelo yangempela. Abanye abantu bazokutshela okuhlukile. Hlola izinto zabo.
Ngifundise uMiller-Urey emakilasini ebhayoloji yasekolishi iminyaka eyi-14. Babephambili kancane kunesikhathi sabo. Sisanda kuthola ama-molecule amancane angakha izakhi zokuphila. Amaprotheni aboniswe ukuthi akwazi ukukhiqiza i-DNA nezinye izakhi. Eminyakeni engama-30, sizobe sazi umlando omningi wemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo, kuze kufike usuku olusha - ukutholwa okusha.
Ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi yethu kanye nezinsizakalo zethu, uyavuma ngokusobala ukuthi amakhukhi ethu okusebenza, ukusebenza kanye nokukhangisa abekwe. Funda kabanzi