Ngaphansi kweziqondiso eziqinile zokuhlela zokukhetha imithombo, sixhuma kuphela ezikhungweni zocwaningo lwezemfundo, iziteshi zezindaba ezidumile, futhi, lapho zitholakala khona, izifundo zezokwelapha ezibuyekezwa ontanga. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izinombolo ezikubakaki (1, 2, njll.) ziyizixhumanisi ezingachofozwa kulezi zifundo.
Ulwazi olusezihlokweni zethu aluhloselwe ukuthatha indawo yokuxhumana komuntu siqu nochwepheshe wezempilo ofanelekayo futhi aluhloselwe ukusetshenziswa njengeseluleko sezokwelapha.
Lesi sihloko sisekelwe ebufakazini besayensi, obubhalwe ochwepheshe futhi obubuyekezwe yithimba lethu labahleli abaqeqeshiwe. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izinombolo ezikubakaki (1, 2, njll.) zimelela izixhumanisi ezingachofozwa ezifundweni zezokwelapha ezibuyekezwa ontanga.
Ithimba lethu lihlanganisa ochwepheshe bezokudla ababhalisiwe kanye nochwepheshe bezokudla okunempilo, othisha bezempilo abaqinisekisiwe, kanye nochwepheshe bezokuqina kanye nokulungisa umzimba abaqinisekisiwe, abaqeqeshi bomuntu siqu kanye nochwepheshe bokuzivocavoca. Umgomo wethimba lethu awukona nje ucwaningo oluphelele, kodwa futhi nokungakhethi hlangothi.
Ulwazi olusezihlokweni zethu aluhloselwe ukuthatha indawo yokuxhumana komuntu siqu nochwepheshe wezempilo ofanelekayo futhi aluhloselwe ukusetshenziswa njengeseluleko sezokwelapha.
Esinye sezithasiselo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emithini nasezithasiseleni namuhla yi-magnesium stearate. Eqinisweni, kuzoba nzima ukuthola isithasiselo emakethe namuhla esingenayo—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikhuluma ngezithasiselo ze-magnesium, ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla, noma esinye isithasiselo osithandayo—yize ungase ungaliboni igama laso ngqo.
Ivame ukubizwa ngamanye amagama anjenge-“vegetable stearate” noma ama-derivatives afana ne-“stearic acid”, itholakala cishe yonke indawo. Ngaphezu kokuba yonke indawo, i-magnesium stearate nayo ingenye yezithako eziphikisana kakhulu emhlabeni wezithako ezengeziwe.
Ngandlela thile, lokhu kufana nempikiswano mayelana ne-vitamin B17: ingabe iyisihlungu noma ikhambi lomdlavuza. Ngeshwa emphakathini, ochwepheshe bezempilo yemvelo, abacwaningi bezinkampani ze-supplementary, kanye nodokotela bavame ukwethula ubufakazi obuphikisanayo ukuze basekele imibono yabo, futhi amaqiniso anzima kakhulu ukuwathola.
Kungcono ukuthatha indlela enengqondo ezingxoxweni ezinjalo futhi uqaphele ukuthatha uhlangothi olunemibono eyeqisayo.
Iphuzu elibalulekile yileli: Njengezinye izinto zokugcwalisa kanye nezinto zokuhlanganisa, i-magnesium stearate ayiphilile uma isetshenziswa ngemithamo ephezulu, kodwa ukuyisebenzisa akukubi njengoba abanye besikisela ngoba ivame ukutholakala ngemithamo emincane kakhulu.
I-Magnesium stearate usawoti we-magnesium we-stearic acid. Empeleni, iyinhlanganisela equkethe izinhlobo ezimbili ze-stearic acid kanye ne-magnesium.
I-Stearic acid iyi-fatty acid egcwele etholakala ekudleni okuningi, okuhlanganisa namafutha ezilwane nemifino kanye namafutha. I-cocoa kanye ne-flaxseed kuyizibonelo zokudla okuqukethe inani elikhulu le-stearic acid.
Ngemva kokuba i-magnesium stearate ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye zayo emzimbeni, okuqukethwe kwayo kwamafutha kucishe kufane ne-stearic acid. I-Magnesium stearate powder ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesengezo sokudla, umthombo wokudla kanye nesengezo ezimonyweni.
I-magnesium stearate iyisithako esisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwamaphilisi ngoba iyisithako esisebenzayo. Iphinde isetshenziswe kuma-capsule, kuma-powder, nasekudleni okuningi, okuhlanganisa amaswidi amaningi, ama-gummies, amakhambi, izinongo, kanye nezithako zokubhaka.
Yaziwa ngokuthi “i-flow agent,” isiza ukusheshisa inqubo yokukhiqiza ngokuvimbela izithako ukuthi zinganamatheli emishinini yemishini. Ingxube yempuphu emboza cishe noma yimuphi umuthi noma ingxube yezithako ngenani elincane nje.
Ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-emulsifier, i-glue, i-thickener, i-anti-caking agent, i-lubricant, i-release agent kanye ne-defoamer.
Akugcini nje ngokuba usizo ngezinjongo zokukhiqiza ngokuvumela ukuthuthwa okubushelelezi emishinini ewakhiqizayo, kodwa futhi kwenza amaphilisi kube lula ukuwagwinya nokuhamba ngendlela yokugaya ukudla. I-Magnesium stearate nayo iyisithako esivamile, okusho ukuthi iyasiza ekuthuthukiseni umphumela wokwelapha wezithako ezisebenzayo zemithi ehlukahlukene futhi ikhuthaza ukumuncwa nokuncibilikiswa kwemithi.
Abanye bathi bayakwazi ukukhiqiza imithi noma izithasiselo ngaphandle kwezinto ezisizayo njenge-magnesium stearate, okuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi kungani zisetshenziswa kanti kunezinye izindlela zemvelo ezengeziwe ezitholakalayo. Kodwa lokhu kungenzeka kungabi njalo.
Eminye imikhiqizo manje seyakhiwe ngezindlela ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-magnesium stearate kusetshenziswa izinto ezisizayo zemvelo njenge-ascorbyl palmitate, kodwa lokhu sikwenza lapho kunengqondo hhayi ngoba sithole isayensi ingalungile. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela azisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngoba zinezakhiwo zomzimba ezihlukile.
Okwamanje akucaci ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukufaka esikhundleni se-magnesium stearate noma kuyadingeka.
I-magnesium stearate cishe iphephile uma idliwa ngamanani atholakala ezithasiselo zokudla kanye nemithombo yokudla. Eqinisweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyaqaphela noma cha, cishe unezela ngamavithamini amaningi, uwoyela kakhukhunathi, amaqanda nenhlanzi nsuku zonke.
Njengamanye amaminerali acwebezelayo (i-magnesium ascorbate, i-magnesium citrate, njll.), [a]nazo imiphumela emibi engokwemvelo ngoba yakhiwe ngamaminerali nama-food acid (i-vegetable stearic acid encishisiwe ngosawoti we-magnesium). Iqukethe amakhemikhali angathathi hlangothi azinzile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-National Institutes of Health (NIH) embikweni wayo nge-magnesium stearate ixwayise ngokuthi i-magnesium eningi ingase iphazamise ukudluliselwa kwemisipha futhi iholele ebuthakathakeni nasekunciphiseni ukusabela komzimba. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu, i-National Institutes of Health (NIH) ibika ukuthi:
Izinkulungwane zamacala okutheleleka zenzeka minyaka yonke, kodwa izimpawu ezinzima azivamile. Ubuthi obukhulu buvame ukwenzeka ngemva kokufakwa ngemithambo yegazi amahora amaningi (ngokuvamile ku-preeclampsia) futhi bungenzeka ngemva kokusebenzisa ngokweqile isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi lapho izinso zihluleka ukusebenza kahle. Ubuthi obukhulu bubikwe ngemva kokufakwa ngokushesha, kodwa akuvamile kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, lo mbiko awuzange uqinise wonke umuntu. Ukubuka nje i-Google kuzobonisa ukuthi i-magnesium stearate ihlotshaniswa nemiphumela emibi eminingi, njenge:
Ngenxa yokuthi iyathandeka emanzini (“iyawathanda amanzi”), kunemibiko yokuthi i-magnesium stearate ingase yehlise izinga lokuncibilika kwemithi kanye nezithasiselo endleleni yokugaya ukudla. Izakhiwo zokuvikela ze-magnesium stearate zithinta ngqo ikhono lomzimba lokumunca amakhemikhali nezakhamzimba, okwenza umuthi noma i-supplement ingasebenzi uma umzimba ungakwazi ukuyihlukanisa kahle.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-University of Maryland luthi i-magnesium stearate ayithinti inani lamakhemikhali akhishwa yi-propranolol hydrochloride, umuthi osetshenziselwa ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye ne-bronchospasm, ngakho-ke ijaji lisaphumile okwamanje.
Eqinisweni, abakhiqizi basebenzisa i-magnesium stearate ukwandisa ukuqina kwama-capsule nokukhuthaza ukumuncwa okufanele komuthi ngokubambezela ukuqhekeka kokuqukethwe kuze kufike emathunjini.
Amaseli e-T, ingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esihlasela amagciwane, awathintwa ngqo yi-magnesium stearate, kodwa kunalokho athintwa yi-stearic acid, isithako esiyinhloko esitholakala ezintweni ezivamile.
Kwaqala ukuchazwa ngo-1990 kumagazini i-Immunology, lapho lolu cwaningo oluphawulekayo lubonise khona ukuthi izimpendulo zomzimba ezincike ku-T zicindezelwa kanjani lapho kukhona i-stearic acid kuphela.
Esifundweni saseJapan esihlola izinto ezivamile ezisizayo, i-magnesium stearate yemifino itholakale iyimbangela yokwakheka kwe-formaldehyde. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungase kungabi yinto eyesabekayo njengoba kubonakala, njengoba ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi i-formaldehyde itholakala ngokwemvelo ezithelweni eziningi ezintsha, imifino kanye nemikhiqizo yezilwane, okuhlanganisa ama-apula, ubhanana, isipinashi, i-kale, inyama yenkomo ngisho nekhofi.
Ukuze ukhululeke, i-magnesium stearate ikhiqiza inani elincane kakhulu le-formaldehyde kuzo zonke izithasiselo ezihloliwe: ama-nanogram angu-0.3 ngegremu ngayinye ye-magnesium stearate. Uma kuqhathaniswa, ukudla amakhowe e-shiitake omisiwe kukhiqiza ama-milligram angaphezu kuka-406 e-formaldehyde ngekhilogramu ngayinye edliwayo.
Ngo-2011, i-World Health Organization yashicilela umbiko ochaza ukuthi amaqoqo amaningana e-magnesium stearate angcoliswe kanjani ngamakhemikhali angaba yingozi, okuhlanganisa i-bisphenol A, i-calcium hydroxide, i-dibenzoylmethane, i-irganox 1010 kanye ne-zeolite (i-sodium aluminium silicate).
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisigameko esingavamile, asikwazi ukuphetha kusenesikhathi ngokuthi abantu abathatha izithasiselo nemithi kadokotela equkethe i-magnesium stearate kufanele baqaphele ukungcola okunobuthi.
Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokudla imikhiqizo noma izithasiselo eziqukethe i-magnesium stearate, okungabangela uhudo kanye nokuqaqamba kwamathumbu. Uma unezinkinga ngezithasiselo, kufanele ufunde amalebula ezithako ngokucophelela futhi wenze ucwaningo oluncane ukuthola imikhiqizo engenziwanga ngezithasiselo ezidumile.
I-National Center for Biotechnology incoma ukuthi umthamo we-magnesium stearate ongu-2500 mg ngekhilogramu yesisindo somzimba ubhekwe njengophephile. Kumuntu omdala onesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-150, lokhu kulingana nama-milligram angu-170,000 ngosuku.
Uma ucabangela imiphumela engaba yingozi ye-magnesium stearate, kuyasiza ukucabangela “ukuxhomekeka komthamo”. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngokweqile ngemithambo yegazi ezifweni ezinkulu, ukulimala kwe-magnesium stearate kuboniswe kuphela ezifundweni zelebhu lapho amagundane ayephoqelekile khona ukuba adle ngokweqile kangangokuthi akekho umuntu emhlabeni owayengadla okuningi kangaka.
Ngo-1980, iphephabhuku i-Toxicology labika imiphumela yocwaningo lapho amagundane angu-40 anikwa khona ukudla okwenziwe ngokwengxenye okuqukethe i-0%, 5%, 10%, noma i-20% ye-magnesium stearate izinyanga ezintathu. Nakhu akuthola:
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inani le-stearic acid kanye ne-magnesium stearate evame ukusetshenziswa kumaphilisi lincane kakhulu. I-Stearic acid ivame ukwenza u-0.5–10% ngesisindo sethebhulethi, kuyilapho i-magnesium stearate ivame ukwenza u-0.25–1.5% ngesisindo sethebhulethi. Ngakho-ke, ithebhulethi engu-500 mg ingaqukatha cishe u-25 mg we-stearic acid kanye no-5 mg we-magnesium stearate.
Ukuningi kakhulu kungaba yingozi futhi abantu bangafa ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, akunjalo? Lokhu kubalulekile ukukhumbula ngoba ukuze i-magnesium stearate ibangele umonakalo kumuntu, kuzodingeka bathathe ama-capsule/amaphilisi ayizinkulungwane ngosuku.