Ingqimba yangaphandle enamathelayo yesikhunta namabhaktheriya, ebizwa ngokuthi “i-extracellular matrix” noma i-ECM, inokuvumelana kwejeli futhi isebenza njengengqimba evikelayo negobolondo. Kodwa ngokusho kocwaningo lwamuva nje kumagazini i-iScience, olwenziwe yi-University of Massachusetts Amherst ngokubambisana ne-Worcester Polytechnic Institute, i-ECM yamanye ama-microorganisms yakha ijeli kuphela lapho kukhona i-oxalic acid noma amanye ama-acid alula. Ngenxa yokuthi i-ECM idlala indima ebalulekile kukho konke kusukela ekumelaneni nama-antibiotic kuya kumapayipi avinjiwe kanye nokungcola kwamadivayisi ezokwelapha, ukuqonda ukuthi ama-microorganisms alawula kanjani izendlalelo zawo zejeli ezinamathelayo kunemiphumela ebanzi empilweni yethu yansuku zonke.

“Bengilokhu nginesithakazelo kuma-ECM amagciwane,” kusho uBarry Goodell, uprofesa we-microbiology eNyuvesi yaseMassachusetts e-Amherst kanye nombhali omkhulu waleli phepha. “Abantu bavame ukucabanga nge-ECM njengengqimba yangaphandle evikelayo engaphili evikela amagciwane. Kodwa futhi ingasebenza njengomsele wezakhamzimba nama-enzyme angena futhi aphuma emangqamuzaneni amagciwane.”
Isembozo senza imisebenzi eminingana: ukunamathela kwaso kusho ukuthi amagciwane ngamanye angahlangana ndawonye ukuze akhe amakoloni noma “ama-biofilms”, futhi uma amagciwane amaningi enza lokhu, angavimba amapayipi noma angcolise imishini yezokwelapha.
Kodwa igobolondo kumele futhi lingene: ama-microorganism amaningi akhipha ama-enzyme ahlukahlukene kanye nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo nge-ECM, aye ezintweni afuna ukuzidla noma ukuzithelela (njengokhuni olubolile noma izicubu zezilwane ezinomgogodla), bese kuthi, uma ama-enzyme eseqedile umsebenzi wawo, umsebenzi wokugaya ukudla - abuyisele izakhamzimba emuva nge-ECM.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-ECM akuyona nje ungqimba oluvikelayo olungenawo amandla; Eqinisweni, njengoba uGoodell nozakwabo babonisile, kubonakala sengathi ama-microorganisms anekhono lokulawula i-viscosity ye-ECM yawo kanye nokungena kwayo. Bakwenza kanjani lokho?
Ku-fungus, ukukhishwa kubonakala sengathi yi-oxalic acid, i-organic acid evamile eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ezitshalweni eziningi, futhi, njengoba uGoodell nozakwabo bethole, kubonakala sengathi ama-microorganism amaningi asebenzisa i-oxalic acid ayikhiphayo ukuze abophe ezingqimbeni zangaphandle zama-carbohydrate. , i-ECM efana nejeli.
Kodwa lapho ithimba libhekisisa, lathola ukuthi i-oxalic acid ayisizanga nje kuphela ekukhiqizeni i-ECM, kodwa futhi “yayilawula”: lapho ama-microbes efaka i-oxalic acid eningi engxubeni ye-carbohydrate-acid, i-ECM iba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lapho i-ECM iba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kulapho ivimba khona ama-molecule amakhulu ukuthi angangeni noma aphume ku-microbe, kuyilapho ama-molecule amancane ehlala ekhululekile ukungena ku-microbe evela endaweni ezungezile kanye nokuphikisana nalokho.
Lokhu kutholakala kuphonsela inselelo ukuqonda kwesayensi kwendabuko kokuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhemikhali akhishwa yi-fungus namabhaktheriya empeleni angena kanjani kulezi zinambuzane zingene emvelweni. UGoodell nozakwabo basikisela ukuthi kwezinye izimo izinambuzane ezincane kungadingeka zithembele kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwama-molecule amancane kakhulu ukuze zihlasele i-matrix noma izicubu lapho i-microorganism ithembele khona ukuze isinde noma itheleleke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwama-molecule amancane kungadlala indima enkulu ekuguleni uma ama-enzyme amakhulu engakwazi ukudlula ku-matrix yangaphandle kwe-microbial.
“Kubonakala sengathi kukhona indawo ephakathi nendawo,” kusho uGoodell, “lapho ama-microorganisms engalawula khona amazinga e-acidity ukuze azivumelanise nendawo ethile, agcine amanye ama-molecule amakhulu, njengama-enzyme, kuyilapho evumela ama-molecule amancane ukuthi adlule kalula kwi-ECM. “Ukuguqulwa kwe-ECM nge-oxalic acid kungaba yindlela ama-microorganisms azivikela ngayo kuma-antimicrobial kanye nama-antibiotic, njengoba amaningi alawa ma-agents aqukethe ama-molecule amakhulu kakhulu. Yileli khono lokwenza ngokwezifiso elingaba yisihluthulelo sokunqoba esinye sezithiyo ezinkulu ekwelashweni kwama-antimicrobial, njengoba ukuphatha i-ECM ukuze ikwazi ukungena kalula kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwama-antibiotic kanye nama-antimicrobial.

“Uma singalawula ukwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-asidi amancane njenge-oxalate kwamanye amagciwane, khona-ke singalawula nokuthi yini engena kumagciwane, okungasenza sikwazi ukwelapha kangcono izifo eziningi zamagciwane,” kusho uGoodell.
NgoDisemba 2022, isazi sezinto ezincane uYasu Morita sathola isibonelelo esivela kwiNational Institutes of Health ukusekela ucwaningo oluhlose ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha nezisebenza kahle zesifo sofuba.

Uma ungathanda ulwazi olwengeziwe, ngicela ungithumelele i-imeyili.
I-imeyili:
info@pulisichem.cn
Ucingo:
+86-533-3149598