IKawanishi, eJapan, ngoNovemba 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Izinkinga zemvelo ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuncipha kwemithombo yemvelo, ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo, ukungcola kwepulasitiki kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kuyanda emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu.
I-Carbon dioxide (CO2) iyigesi ebangela ukushisa futhi ingenye yezimbangela ezinkulu zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Kulokhu, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi “i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa (i-CO2 photoreduction)” ingakhiqiza ukudla okuphilayo kwamafutha namakhemikhali avela ku-CO2, amanzi kanye namandla elanga, njengoba nje izitshalo zenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zinciphisa nokukhishwa kwe-CO2, njengoba i-CO2 isetshenziswa njenge-feedstock yokukhiqizwa kwamandla nezinsiza zamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa ibhekwa njengenye yezindlela zobuchwepheshe zakamuva eziluhlaza.
Ama-MOF (Metal Organic Frameworks) ayizinto ezinamachibi amaningi ezakhiwe ngamaqoqo ezinsimbi ezingaphili kanye nama-linkers ezinto eziphilayo. Angalawulwa ezingeni lama-molecule kububanzi be-nanometer futhi abe nendawo enkulu ebusweni. Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, ama-MOF angasetshenziswa ekugcinweni kwegesi, ekuhlukanisweni, ekufakweni kwensimbi, ekufakweni kwe-catalysis, ekulethweni kwemithi, ekuphathweni kwamanzi, ezinzwa, kuma-electrode, ezihlungini, njll. Muva nje, ama-MOF atholakale enekhono lokubamba i-CO2 elingancishiswa yi-CO2, okungukuthi, i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amachashazi e-quantum ayizinto ezincane kakhulu (0.5–9 nm) ezinezici zazo ezibonakalayo ezihambisana nemithetho ye-quantum chemistry kanye ne-quantum mechanics. Abizwa ngokuthi “ama-athomu okwenziwa noma ama-molecule okwenziwa” ngoba ichashazi ngalinye le-quantum liqukethe ama-athomu noma ama-molecule ambalwa noma ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa kuphela. Kulolu hlu lobukhulu, amazinga wamandla ama-electron awasaqhubeki futhi ahlukaniswa ngenxa yento ebonakalayo eyaziwa ngokuthi umphumela wokuvalelwa kwe-quantum. Kulokhu, ubude bokukhanya okukhishwe buzoncika kusayizi wamachashazi e-quantum. Lawa machashazi e-quantum angasetshenziswa futhi ku-photosynthesis yokwenziwa ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu okumunca ukukhanya, ikhono lokukhiqiza i-exciton eminingi kanye nendawo enkulu ebusweni.
Kokubili ama-MOF nama-quantum dots akhiwe ngaphansi kwe-Green Science Alliance. Ngaphambilini, basebenzise ngempumelelo izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-MOF quantum dot ukukhiqiza i-formic acid njenge-catalyst ekhethekile ye-photosynthesis yokwenziwa. Kodwa-ke, lawa ma-catalyst asesimweni sempuphu futhi lawa ma-catalyst powder kumele aqoqwe ngokuhlunga enkambisweni ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, njengoba lezi zinqubo zingaqhubeki, kunzima ukuzisebenzisa ukuze zisetshenziswe ezimbonini.
Ephendula, uMnu. Tetsuro Kajino, uMnu. Hirohisa Iwabayashi, kanye noDkt. Ryohei Mori be-Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. basebenzise ubuchwepheshe babo ukuvimba lawa ma-catalyst e-photosynthesis akhethekile kumashidi endwangu angabizi futhi bathuthukisa inqubo entsha yokukhiqizwa kwe-formic acid. Engasebenza ngokuqhubekayo ezisetshenziswayo zezimboni. Ngemva kokuqedwa kokusabela kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa, amanzi aqukethe i-formic acid angakhishwa ukuze akhishwe, futhi amanzi amasha amasha angafakwa esitsheni ukuze kuqhutshekwe kabusha i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa.
I-formic acid ingathatha indawo kaphethiloli we-hydrogen. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuvimbela ukusabalala komphakathi we-hydrogen emhlabeni wonke ukuthi i-hydrogen iyi-athomu encane kunazo zonke endaweni yonke, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuyigcina, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwethangi le-hydrogen elinomphumela wokuvala ophezulu kuzobiza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igesi ye-hydrogen ingaba ukuqhuma futhi ibe yingozi yokuphepha. Njengoba i-formic acid iwuketshezi, kulula ukuyigcina njengophethiloli. Uma kudingeka, i-formic acid ingasetshenziswa ukuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen endaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-formic acid ingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene.
Nakuba ukusebenza kahle kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa kusephansi, i-Green Science Alliance izoqhubeka nokulwela ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle ukuze kusungulwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo ze-photosynthesis yokwenziwa.